Every person is familiar with the term " IQ" and the abbreviation IQ. Many also know that IQ is assessed using special tests.

The founder of the development of special test programs, now known as the “IQ Test,” was the French psychologist Alfred Binet. The test quickly gained popularity in different countries. It began to be used to determine the IQ level not only in children, but also in military personnel. More than 2 million people have been tested. Later, IQ levels began to be determined among students and employees of private companies.

IQ level allows you to determine the speed of thinking processes, and not a person’s ability to think. In this regard, the use of tests has lost relevance today.

To solve problems, you need a well-developed ability to concentrate attention, the ability to highlight the main thing, developed memory, a large vocabulary and perfect command of spoken language, logical thinking, ability to manipulate objects, ability to perform mathematical operations and perseverance. As you can see, these are more psychological characteristics of the individual than mental abilities.

What is an IQ test used for?

Currently, the test is the only way to determine a person's intelligence level.

There are two options for defining mental abilities. The first is intended for children 10-12 years old, with the help of the second the development of children from 12 years old and adults is assessed. They differ in the level of complexity, but the principle of use is the same.

Each test includes different tasks. To earn 100-120 points, which constitute the average IQ, you do not need to strive to complete all tasks. Half of the proposed tasks are sufficient. You are given 30 minutes to complete the task. The most reliable result for a person is 100-130 points.

IQ level of a normal person - what is considered good?

An intelligence level of 100-120 points is considered the norm, which is half of correctly completed tasks. The person who completes all tasks receives 200 points.

This test also helps determine a number of psychological characteristics: attention, thinking, memory. By identifying deficiencies in abilities, you can help in their development and increase your IQ index.

What does IQ level depend on?

Psychologists are trying to establish the dependence of the level of intelligence on heredity, physiological data, gender or race. Several areas of research are being developed.

In the 19th century, scientists conducted a number of experiments to establish the dependence of the level of intelligence on physiological data and gender. They showed no connection. Other scientists have repeatedly stated that intelligence directly depends on a person's race. These studies also found no relationship.

A number of researchers link mental abilities with musical preferences. Music affects the emotional sphere. British scientists have found that the IQ is higher in people who prefer classical music, hard rock and metal. In their opinion, fans of hip-hop and R'N'B have the minimum IQ level.

What to do to increase your IQ ratio

Increasing your IQ requires constant training and brain development. One of the effective methods is logic problems and mind games, chess, crosswords and poker. They help improve memory and increase concentration. Studying the exact sciences develops analytical thinking. Reading affects mental development fiction and learning foreign languages.

How much IQ does a normal person have?

The average level of intellectual development is 100-120 points. However, scientists have long proposed to determine IQ level taking into account chronological age. The test does not show the degree of erudition of an individual, but evaluates general indicators. The tests are designed to distribute results around the average. The test indicates the direction in which a person should develop. An IQ level of 90-120 is considered good. However, it should be remembered that the results of the initial testing will be the most accurate; further data will be distorted.

Human intelligence is very difficult to define and almost impossible to measure. The accumulation of knowledge, abilities and skills occurs throughout a person’s life.

The basis of intelligence is made up of several determining factors; genetics, environment, and environment are important. Scientists have established a direct dependence of mental development on genes. The percentage of influence can range from 40 to 80 percent.

The level of intelligence and the IQ index are influenced by the development of the brain. The more developed a person’s frontal lobes, which are responsible for thought processes, the higher the IQ level.

Scientists pay special attention to the development of children in the first years of life and upbringing. The level of mental development was associated with the order of birth of children in the family. For a long time it was believed that first-born children have a higher level of IQ. Compared to younger children. Recent studies have shown that the order of birth of children determines the developmental potential, ability to reason and think, and as a result determine the level of intellectual development. On average, first-born children test within the norm for their age, but score a few points higher than their younger siblings.

The development of mental abilities is influenced by health status. It is normal for a person to follow good habits and lead healthy image life. This allows you to maintain brain activity in good shape. Scientists have proven that among people with a high level of intelligence, there are fewer patients with chronic diseases and their life expectancy is higher.

Aikyu scale level table by points

If the IQ test results are:

• 1-24 - profound mental retardation;
• 25-39 - severe mental retardation;
• 40-54 - moderate mental retardation;
• 55-69 - mild mental retardation;
• 70-84 - borderline mental retardation;
• 85-114 - average;
• 115-129 - above average;
• 130-144 - moderately gifted;
• 145-159 - gifted;
• 160-179 - exceptionally gifted;
• 180 and above - deeply gifted.

Criticism of IQ tests

Determining the level of intelligence using the proposed tests cannot be taken as a basis, since the units of measurement are average indicators that change over time, which means they are not a standard.
A person’s intelligence depends on many factors, ranging from the time of day to the state of health.

You can’t take gender as a basis: among men and women there are people with both high and low IQ levels.

Most high level The IQ of the Australian mathematician, the author of the Green-Tao theorem, his name is Terence Tao. Getting results above 200 points is a very rare occurrence, because most of the inhabitants of our planet barely score 100 points. People with extremely high IQs (over 150) can be found among Nobel laureates. It is these people who move science forward and make discoveries in various professional fields. Among them are the American writer Marilyn vos Savant, astrophysicist Christopher Hirata, phenomenal reader Kim Pik, who can read a page of text in a few seconds, Briton Daniel Tammet, who memorizes thousands of numbers, Kim Ung-Yong, who already studied at the university at the age of 3, and other famous personalities with amazing abilities.

How is a person's IQ formed?

IQ level is influenced by several factors, including heredity, environment(family, school, social status person). The test result is also significantly influenced by the age of the test taker. At the age of 26, as a rule, a person’s intelligence reaches its peak, and then only declines.

It is worth noting that some people with exceptionally high IQ everyday life were completely helpless. For example, Kim Pik could not fasten the buttons on his clothes. Moreover, not everyone had such talent from birth. Daniel Tammet gained his ability to memorize huge numbers of numbers after a terrible attack of epilepsy as a child.

IQ level above 140

People with IQ scores over 140 are the owners of excellent creativity who have achieved success in various scientific fields. Famous people with IQ scores of 140 or higher include Bill Gates and Stephen Hawking. Such geniuses of their era are known for their outstanding abilities; they make an incredibly high contribution to the development of knowledge and science, creating new inventions and theories. Such people make up only 0.2% of the total population.

IQ level from 131 to 140

Only three percent of the population has high IQ scores. Among famous people who have a similar test result are Nicole Kidman and Arnold Schwarzenegger. This successful people with high mental abilities, they can reach heights in various fields of activity, science and creativity. Want to see who is smarter - you or Schwarzenegger?

IQ level from 121 to 130

Only 6% of the population has an above average intellectual level. Such people are visible in universities, since they are usually excellent students in all disciplines, successfully graduate from universities, realize themselves in a variety of professions and achieve high results.

IQ level from 111 to 120

If you think that intermediate level iq is approximately 110 points, then you are wrong. This indicator refers to above average intelligence. People with test scores between 111 and 120 are usually hard workers and strive for knowledge throughout their lives. There are about 12% of such people among the population.

IQ level from 101 to 110

IQ level from 91 to 100

If you took the test and the result turned out to be less than 100 points, do not be upset, because this average in a quarter of the population. People with such intelligence indicators do well in school and universities, they get jobs in middle management and other professions that do not require significant mental effort.

IQ level from 81 to 90

A tenth of the population has a below average intelligence level. Their IQ test scores range from 81 to 90. These people usually do well in school, but most often do not go on to higher education. They can work in the field physical labor, in industries that do not require the use of intellectual abilities.

IQ level from 71 to 80

Another tenth of the population has an IQ level from 71 to 80, this is already a sign of mental retardation of a lesser degree. People with this result mostly visit special schools, but they can also finish regular primary school with average marks.

IQ level from 51 to 70

About 7% of people have a mild form of mental retardation and an IQ level from 51 to 70. They study in special institutions, but are able to take care of themselves and are relatively full-fledged members of society.

IQ level from 21 to 50

About 2% of people on Earth have an intellectual development level from 21 to 50 points; they suffer from dementia, moderate mental retardation. Such people cannot learn, but are able to take care of themselves, but most often have guardians.

IQ level up to 20

People with severe mental retardation are not amenable to training and education, and have an intellectual development level of up to 20 points. They are under the care of other people because they cannot take care of themselves, and live in their own world. There are 0.2% of such people in the world.

Attempts to express human intelligence in numerical terms have been known since the beginning of the twentieth century. In 1912, the German scientist William Stern first introduced the concept of intelligence quotient. This idea turned out to be very timely and already in 1916 it was used in an earlier system of intellectual calculus, known as the Stanford-Binet scale.

These days, IQ tests have become very popular and relevant. The abbreviation IQ itself is correctly deciphered as intelligence quotient, which translated from English means intelligence quotient. Accordingly, an IQ test determines a person’s intelligence level based on the obtained coefficient, the calculation of which also takes into account his age. The most popular is the Hans Jurgen Eysenck test.

The mathematical formula for IQ is a fraction multiplied by 100, the numerator of which is a person’s mental age, and the denominator is his chronological age. Currently, the fourth edition of the IQ measurement scale is used in psychodiagnostics.

Today, many companies engage in IQ testing, checking employees applying for a particular vacancy. Even children can take the intelligence test. Thus, an IQ test helps determine the ability of people tested to perform certain tasks.

An interesting fact is that this test is not some kind of erudition exam and does not require special knowledge, but rather reveals a person’s ingenuity and intelligence, which is what intelligence essentially is.

The proposed test consists of forty questions that must be answered in exactly thirty minutes. There are no pauses, timeouts or breaks. Since the IQ test is an important indicator, the conditions for its purity are exactly the same for all subjects. At the same time, more inattentive people will have less chance of high intelligence scores, which, in fact, is quite fair.

When taking a test, it is best to skip questions that cannot be resolved immediately. It is not difficult to calculate that on average the program allocates 45 seconds for each question. This time is, of course, arbitrary, since rarely does anyone manage to solve all forty problems correctly, however, if you linger too long on difficult questions, then the chance of not having time to get to the tasks that are potentially solved by the test person increases.

It happens that more simple task takes longer to solve than a complex problem. This may occur as a result of the individual characteristics of the person being tested, and will subsequently be reflected by his IQ. Skipping difficult problems, the test taker returns to them again, but having already answered all the “easy” questions. This approach is more rational and therefore effective.

This is interesting! It turns out that intelligence tests and mental ability tests were first developed... in the 7th century by Chinese employers. At that time, based on the results, officials were divided into three classes: public service officer (one of a hundred competitors), a mandarin (one of a hundred public service officials) and, finally, an inspector (one of a hundred mandarins).

Erudition is self-education and regular assimilation of information. Higher education does not provide the knowledge of an erudite. People who independently engage in their education have extraordinary intelligence and almost always understand exact sciences and speak foreign languages.

IQ level is not the only indicator of a person's intelligence. A person’s mental abilities must be judged by a combination of parameters. One of the most important components is verbal intelligence, which denotes the ability to speak, semantic, and pragmatic components.

People love riddles and answers too. Observing the movements and flow of thoughts at the gaming table “What? Where? When?" on TV, viewers also wiggle their brains, trying to get ahead of the experts. Useful gymnastics, but it’s difficult to surpass pro-erudites.

Your dog can be a genius or lazy and slow-witted - that won't make you love him any less. When completing tasks, do not even think about getting angry and punishing the dog - in terms of intellectual development, it is equal to a child of 2-2.5 years old. Try to remember yourself at this age.

Can you exchange knowing glances with your cat? How often do you talk? What, you think there’s nothing to talk about with a cat?! Yes, you are simply not able to understand her language and say thank you that they continue to love you! After all, cats have an angelic character.

Erudition is knowledge in various fields, a voluntary and conscious desire to receive and assimilate new information. Even training in the best educational institutions does not make a person erudite, it gives professional knowledge and the foundations of science.

Solving problems with digital sequences requires logical thinking. The relationship between numbers must be analyzed and applied to determine the algorithm. Such puzzles seem childishly simple to some, but become unsolvable to others.

The imagery of the Russian language is amazing - words in it often express more than they directly mean. With such wealth, many suffer from tongue-tiedness, cannot put their thoughts into a worthy form and fill in the gaps, at best, with gestures.

Logic is a capricious and confusing science, but this does not apply to basic knowledge. To master the basics, you don’t need to cram textbooks and experiment, just take note, for example, that a cause is always followed by an effect, a larger one will interfere with a smaller one, etc.

Testing to determine IQ level helps identify people who require special conditions for learning. For example, for children with an above-average level, it makes sense to teach them a more complex program, but for children with a low level, it is worth paying more attention to the child so that he learns the program material.

Proverbs usually have no authors; even if the phrase belongs to some author, it flows so organically into the general consciousness that it becomes popular. Sometimes, over time, part of a phrase “dries up,” but it can change the meaning of what was said.

Smartness tests are loved by those who can quickly find solutions. Slow-witted people may be more educated and smarter, but they lose in such competitions, so they pretend that they have no time to worry about trifles. The test can be taken without anyone noticing.

Intelligence can be expressed in the ability to abstract thinking or have a practical orientation - it depends on the personality type. It hardly makes sense to compare these methods of perception, but they are united by a tendency to cognition and the ability to systematize and apply information.

In the process of thinking, we process information coming from outside world, and thanks to logic he can find a reasonable explanation of phenomena, consciously make decisions and clearly express his thoughts. Specially designed puzzles and tasks help develop the logical type of thinking.

It is unlikely that you will guess who the black ezdin is who rides on the stove, because it is a stove grip, which can only be seen in films about Russian antiquity. But many Russian riddles are still understandable, although they contain outdated words.

Each language reflects its own picture of the world - this is what linguists believe. Funny foreign words cannot prevent us from communicating, but they create the impression of gaiety, which is not there at all. Do you know what these words mean?

After numerous studies, experts received the following results:

• 50% of people showed an IQ level of 90 to 110;
• 25% - above 110;
• 25% - below 90;
• The most common score is 100 points;
• 14.5% of those tested had an IQ ranging from 110 to 120;
• 7% of those tested scored 120-130 points;
• 3% - 130-140;
• Only 0.5% of people were able to demonstrate a level above 140 points;
• An IQ level below 70 can be considered mental retardation;
• Most American high school students score 115, with honors students having the most common score of 135–140;
• The lowest results are among young people under 19 years of age and older people over 60 years of age.

Since one of the main conditions for passing the test is a time limit, we can say that the IQ level does not indicate the ability to think original or logically, but the speed of thought processes.

Get your act together, you're about to take the world's shortest intelligence assessment! It's called the Cognitive Reflection Test (CRT), that is, a test of cognitive reflection. It was invented by Yale University professor Shane Frederick to assess how much a person is able to perceive complex things that at first glance seem simple.

So, let's go!

Question 1

A baseball bat and ball together cost $1.10. The bat is $1 more expensive than the ball. How much does the ball cost?

Question 2

5 machines produce 5 gizmos in 5 minutes. How long will it take 100 machines to produce 100 gizmos?

Question 3

The pond is overgrown with water lilies. Every day their area doubles. The entire lake will be overgrown in 48 days. In how many days will the flowers absorb half of its surface?

And now the correct answers

Answer 1

How much did you get - 10 cents? Like most people in a hurry, who considered themselves too smart for such a simple question. Think about it for yourself: if the ball really cost 10 cents, and the bat was a dollar more expensive, then it alone would cost a dollar ten, and this is the total cost of the items. In fact, the price of the ball is 5 cents.

Answer 2

Did you give in to temptation and automatically answer “100”? In vain, the question was a trick one. In fact, it would take a hundred machines to produce a hundred things the same amount of time as it would take five machines to create five things. That is 5 minutes. Changing the number of machines does not change the time it takes to make things!

Answer 3

Oh, how many of them - those who answered “24 days” - have sunk into oblivion! You too? Don't be sad, this question is the pinnacle of the test. Let's think logically: if the area of ​​the thickets doubles every day, then they will occupy half the surface of the pond one day before the expiration of the 48-day period required for the flowers to completely cover the pond. That is, in 47 days.