Colleges for children from large families. Benefits for large families when entering a university, college or technical school. Documents to the university

The applicant upon admission provides:

documents proving his identity and citizenship;
data on education received;
documents giving the right to benefits upon admission.

The latter category includes information: about disability, about winning or winning a prize in a regional, all-Russian or international Olympiad, about being included in the national team of the Russian Federation in a subject, and so on.

Denied benefits: what to do

When an applicant is sure that he is entitled to a privilege when entering a university (for example, he is disabled) and at the same time he successfully passed the entrance examinations, but he was not enrolled in education on a budgetary basis, this is a reason for a complaint. You can contact the supervising educational institution (for example, the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation), the prosecutor's office or the court. A complaint to the first two instances can be brought in person or left an electronic appeal on the official websites of departments.

Higher education. Orenburg State University(specialization: economics and management at heavy engineering enterprises).
August 17, 2018 .

Support for large families in Russia is carried out at the federal and regional levels. Taking into account their national and cultural characteristics, demographic conditions and budget, each region independently determines what a large family is.

What is a large family

State support for large families at the federal level

In accordance with Presidential Decree No. 431, state aid large families in 2020 will be carried out in the following areas:

Taxation;
land relations;
Medical care and nutrition;
Education of children and parents;
Farm management;
Employment;
Department of Housing and Utilities;
Transport services and others.

Which authorities should be contacted to receive benefits? These are the Pension Fund, the territorial department of social protection of the population, multifunctional centers (acting as a link between citizens and the body implementing social policy).

The main document for obtaining benefits is a certificate of the status of a large family, issued by the Department of Social Security. The applicant collects the necessary documents, then writes an application. Within a month, the competent authority considers the appeal and gives a positive or negative answer.

Employment and retirement benefits of parents with many children

When concluding an employment contract, a mother or father with many children can count on the following benefits:

Early retirement of a woman (at the same time, the length of service must be at least 15 years, and the age must reach 56 years if she has four children and 57 if she has three children).
Additional two-week annual leave (condition - more than 2 children). This leave is not paid and is issued at a time convenient to the parent. It can be combined with the main rest or taken separately.
One additional paid day off per week (for a 40-hour work week). At the same time, both parents must work under an employment contract.
Accrual of pension points on maternity leave for each born, the amount of which is designed to increase the basic pension. Each working year, in accordance with the existing pension system, is evaluated by pension points. They affect the size of the future pension. The law provides that the pension period can be increased by including periods of caring for a child until he reaches 1.5 years, but not more than 6 years in total.
Assistance in finding employment from the employment service (selection of home or temporary work).

For registration, you need documents proving the identity of parents and children, a certificate from the passport office on the composition of the family, a certificate of income for each parent issued by the tax service, children's TIN and photos of all family members who are over 6 years old.

To qualify for an early retirement, a mother must give birth to 5 children and raise them up to 8 years of age, or give birth to two, but the length of service increases by 5 years, and labor activity should have been carried out in the Far North. Attention! In October 2018, a law was approved to provide parents with many children with new labor benefits in the form of the right to prioritize the time of actually receiving leave. Key condition: there must be at least 3 children in the family and the age of each of them is under 12 years old.

Preferential medical care, food and welfare

Additional social support is expressed in the following benefits for families with three children:

Free prescription drugs for children under 6 years of age;
Priority care in hospitals;
Free supply of vitamins for children;
Free lunches and breakfasts for schoolchildren;
Rest in camps and sanatoriums without payment;
Issuance of school and sports uniforms;
One free visit to a museum, exhibition or amusement park (no more than 1 time per month);

Mother or father can come to school with all documents and apply for free meals. In addition to passports and certificates, it is necessary to provide data on the registration of minors, papers on the income of parents. After reviewing the documents, the school will redirect them to the social security authority.

You can compensate for a self-paid ticket by submitting a check, a document confirming that the child is in the camp and an agreement to the social protection department. Travel to the sanatorium is paid by the parent only half.

State provision of land and housing

The status of a large family gives the right to provide a land plot with an area not exceeding 15 acres. The land can be used for housing construction, cottage farming or gardening.

What a large family in its region has the right to receive is a plot whose area cannot be less than 6 acres.

The legislator also provided for other options for this category:

housing subsidy for building a house;
free social housing under a rental agreement;
provision of state-owned apartments.

In an apartment leased or owned, there must be all communications: heating, electricity, sewerage and water.

With the help of a subsidy, you can pay off debt or interest on housing purchased with your own funds.

The local authorities have the right to give a large family a preferential loan, a subsidy or an interest-free loan for the construction of a house and the purchase of building materials. The mortgage in this case does not provide for a down payment, the payment period is longer, and the first payment is deferred for 3 years.

Since 2018, a program of state subsidies for mortgage loans has been launched. Now large families will be able to participate in preferential mortgage lending at a rate of 6%. To participate fully, you must:

the birth of the 3rd or subsequent child after 01/01/2018, but before 12/31/2022,
purchase of housing in the primary real estate market,
initial contribution at the expense of own funds of at least 20% (including MSC).

In April 2020, a decision was made to subsidize a mortgage loan indefinitely under this program.

Registration of housing and land benefits

Rosreestr conducts a legal check when registering property rights, taking into account the following factors:

Parents are officially married;
The family owns no other land;
Children live with their parents;
Parents are registered as needing housing;
The family has Russian citizenship and has been living in this subject for 5 years.

Those families who do not have their own apartment or the area per person is below the established norm can apply for an apartment. It also takes into account the amount of all income in accordance with the living wage.

The queue may be refused if the fact of intentional deterioration of housing conditions is established (exchange of an apartment for a smaller one, registration of a large number of people, sale or division of housing, fictitious transactions with living space).

Title papers for housing and evidence of its accident rate are added to the main package of documents. Within a month, the citizen receives a receipt confirming the inclusion of the family in the queue for housing or land.

Tax credits for large families

In order to save money for those with many children, the state has provided for them tax deductions - amounts of money from which income tax is not levied.

They are:

Standard (for each minor);
Social (one-time amounts returned by the tax service after payment).

At the same time, children, the child should not be older than 18 years old or, if he is older, he must study full-time .. Parents with many children provide their employer with an application, a birth certificate, a certificate from a technical school (institute, college), a certificate 2 - personal income tax.

Tax incentives for large families in 2020 provide for:

Reduced rates of land tax or its non-payment for a specified period;
Exemption from paying rent for a plot for a peasant or farm enterprise;
Opportunity not to pay the registration fee when doing business;
Refunds paid for Kindergarten amounts from 20 to 70% depending on the number of children.

This also includes a 30% discount on utility bills. If the dwelling does not have central heating, the same fuel discount applies.

Additional benefits in various service areas

These benefits include:

Schoolchildren are exempted from paying for travel on suburban and intra-district transport, as well as urban;
Children have the right to preferential visits to budgetary circles and sections;
Preschoolers are registered in kindergartens without a queue;
When dilapidated housing is demolished, parents of three children will receive a new one, taking into account the area of the demolished.
Provision of gratuitous material assistance or interest-free loans for the development of a peasant (farm) economy - cl. 1 Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of 05.05.1992 431

A mother or father has the right to learn a new profession free of charge, change their qualifications, taking into account the lack of certain specialists in the subject.

In some regions, exemption from property tax, land tax, presentation of New Year's gifts and awards is provided.

In order to extend the status of a large family, when the eldest child reaches the age of majority, it is necessary to prove his financial lack of independence by providing a student document.

Moscow privileges for large families

The legislation of the capital provided the following privileges for large families:

preschoolers	They enter the garden without a queue; Receive free prescription drugs; Receive dairy food free of charge.
Pupils	Free breakfast at school once a day (primary grades); Have a 50% discount on travel when using urban public transport; Free rest in sanatoriums and summer camps Get free textbooks; Free attendance of paid sports clubs;
students	They dine at a small cost or for free; Preferentially pay for travel (similarly with schoolchildren);
Parents	Exempted from paying kindergarten; The father or mother has the right to travel by public transport free of charge; They are not charged for parking for 1 year; Exempt from transport tax; Visit zoos, parks, exhibitions and museums with their children for free (once a month); The right to visit the Bolshoi Theater on preferential terms; Visit Moscow baths for free; First of all, garden plots are received; Have the right to receive housing and subsidies for its construction; Mothers who have given birth to 10 children receive a pension supplement; Have the right to temporary use of social housing (with the number of children equal to 5)

At the federal level, you can get free medicine for a child under 6 years old. In Moscow, this age has been increased to 18 years.

Transport discounts do not apply to the use of minibuses and taxis.

Numerous social service organizations, rehabilitation centers, social shelters and organizations providing psychological and pedagogical assistance to children from these families operate on the territory of Moscow.

Last changes

Our experts monitor all changes in legislation in order to provide you with reliable information.

Large families with three or more children need protection and support from the state, but, unfortunately, they do not receive due attention, but simply remain on the sidelines.

The state stopped paying attention to this category of citizens, the reasons for this are unknown, perhaps because a large family has ceased to be a rarity, or maybe for other reasons. In any case, these children deserve attention and support, because usually such families have very limited financial opportunities.

general information

To enroll in a university, there are general rules that you should follow for successful admission.

In order to familiarize yourself with them, just go to the website of the university and read the information you are interested in.

What to collect?

Necessary the presence of a document confirming your overall average education, secondary vocational, or higher.

This also includes a document on primary vocational education.

The next equally important rule is surrender of a single state exam on those subjects that are directly needed in your chosen field.

And the final rule is to provide the necessary documents in admission committee University, which begins its work on the 20th of June. To the required documents include the following:

Application for admission with your signature.
Passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation and its copy.
A document confirming the existence of a state education.

About benefits

By law Russian Federation Families with many children include those families in which there are from three children who have not reached their majority.

Such families should have a certain range of benefits.

But if one child has already reached the age of majority, then the status of a large family is automatically removed, and with it the benefits that were previously provided to the family disappear.

But in the case of an adult studying at a higher educational institution, the benefits will not be removed, and the status will also remain, until he turns 23.

Large families have some benefits that are regulated by federal laws. These benefits, for example, relate to some points related to education. For example, parents from a large family receive an annual amount of money for some expenses related to children such as buying a school uniform.

Also, such children receive free meals at school, they are provided with land plots for the further construction of a dwelling.

Children living in a large family the right to use public transport for free.

Such families do not receive much assistance from local authorities, it is possible to organize recreation for children or solve the issue of providing housing but this is in very rare cases.

As for the issue of admission of such children to educational institutions, it is decided from the kindergarten.

In this regard, a large family has a great advantage over other families, they do not wait until their turn comes up. There are no problems when entering school., the child is taken to where he belongs at the place of residence, without any kind of trouble.

But what about the admission of children from large families to a university, because the law on supporting such children does not say anything about admission?

There are exemptions for some categories only.

What are the benefits for children? at the time of admission to higher education:

they can be enrolled in the walls of the university without a competitive basis. But this will happen when they are;
children have a certain advantage in admission over others when their parents are participants in military operations or "Chernobyl victims";
children are enrolled in higher institutions according to the quota, then only if they are disabled or.

Unfortunately, none of these benefits are suitable for those from large families.

Of course, they will be able to have an advantage in admission, but for this they will need to be winners of the Olympiads, children of war veterans or disabled people and orphans.

But as a benefit, one can consider the advantage of transferring to a budgetary basis if the results of educational activities are positive.

This type of preferential basis is not regulated by any law, but it takes place in the documentation of the university.

It is written about various benefits for students in Russia.

Quotas

Children from families considered to have many children are not supported by any laws regarding assistance and benefits.

For them not there are also quotas which could be of considerable help in a higher educational institution.

Long time ago in 1999 a law was drawn up to this category of children had social support in the face of the state, but due to the non-signing of this law by the president, it never entered into force.

But there were such provisions that could provide all large families with very good benefits. For example, there contained benefits relating directly to education and admission to the university:

they would provide for a quota equal to 20 percent of the number of places of a budgetary nature intended for such children;
children from large families would receive monetary compensation for tuition at a university, which would be equal to 50 percent of the cost of education.

These benefits and quotas could perfectly help children from large families to receive higher education, but, unfortunately, the law was never adopted. That's why at the moment, this category of children does not have any advantages over others.

And for the same reason, a child from a family with many children will not be able to get a higher education, simply not having the financial ability to do so.

For some reason, the state refuses to support this category of citizens, and it is not known whether assistance will be provided to children from large families in the future, or whether they will also remain unnoticed by the authorities.

As for the benefits for children from large families from the regional authorities, some help still exists.

For example, in some regions, a quota is practiced for these children when entering a university.

There are also several preferential bases for these children. who are already studying at a higher education institution, they receive a small compensation for meals at the university, for travel and for the purchase of clothes.

These funds are very small, but still they can be considered as a small increase in the scholarship of a student living in a large family.

Children from large families need to be supported in everything, to help them in their studies, in the implementation of plans, but, unfortunately, the state has ceased to pay attention to this category of citizens. But a child growing up in such a family strives to be an example to his brothers and sisters, wants to enter a university, get a good education, find a decent job in order to prove to himself and his family that he is worth something.

But due to the lack of support from the state, all plans can be destroyed in one second. Usually in such families there is no money for expensive education in higher educational institutions, and the child simply loses his dream.

What categories of citizens belong to large families

Speaking about the benefits for admission to a university provided to children from large families, one cannot fail to specify the moment of registration of this status. There is no definition of this concept in the current laws. You can find it only in the National Standards. After reading them, we can conclude that a family with three or more children is considered a large family.

A large family can be brought up:

Biological (native) children.
Children taken into care.
Adopted children.

It is important that children are fully dependent on their parents. If they are brought up in an orphanage, the family cannot be recognized as having many children.

A family is considered to have many children until the eldest child reaches the age of 18. In case of admission to a university for full-time education, the term is extended to 23 years.

Giving a family the status of a large family occurs on an application basis. After its confirmation, parents have the right to take advantage of a number of preferences. Among them, you can find priority enrollment in kindergartens and schools. However, there is no mention of admission to universities on a non-competitive basis. This issue can be clarified by laws adopted at the regional level.

Standard conditions for enrolling in a university

Enrollment in the university takes place on the basis of internal regulations. It specifies the requirements for applicants and the conditions for accepting their documents. The internal rules of an educational institution are developed on the basis of federal and regional laws. This means that each region has its own regulations, on the basis of which it is possible to provide benefits for admission to children from large families.

As a rule, admission to a university occurs in the following order:

The deadlines for the recruitment of applicants are set.
Applicants' documents and applications are accepted.
Selection is made according to USE results and internal exams.
Students are enrolled in the first year.

Applicants who have shown the best results are enrolled in the university, the rest will have to look for a place in other educational institutions. As a rule, the organization must allocate some places for preferential categories of citizens. They are accepted on a non-competitive basis.

If the beneficiary does not have enough space in the university, the administration of the institution has the right to refuse admission to applicants entering on a general basis.

Beneficiaries are not exempt from passing the exam despite this, they do not need to take part in the competition among applicants. They are enrolled in vacant places without additional examinations, if this does not contradict the internal rules of the educational institution.

The number of preferential places in the university is limited. The educational institution enrolls applicants who enjoy preferences for the budget. The rest of the students will have to pay for education. This means that the allocation of more free places is not possible for financial reasons. If there are many beneficiaries upon admission, only a part of them will be enrolled in the university. The rest will have to act on a general basis, or choose another educational institution.

It has already been said above that the list of privileged categories of citizens who can count on out-of-competition admission to a university is determined on the basis of federal and regional laws. Unfortunately, most of them do not give children from large families special preferences for entering a university.

On a non-competitive basis, universities enroll:

Orphans.
Disabled children.
Children raised by a single parent with a disability.
Chernobyl.
Military children.
Demobilized conscripts.
Participants in the fighting.

However, this does not mean that children from large families cannot enter on a preferential basis. The university administration has the right to accept applicants on a non-competitive basis, if this is allowed by the regional government. Therefore, you should contact the management of the educational institution in advance and clarify the availability of benefits.

In the absence of benefits, a child from a large family will have to enter a university on a general basis. If the minor belongs to one of the privileged categories (for example, has the first or second disability group), he will be enrolled in an educational institution on a non-competitive basis.

How can a child from a large family enter a university on an out-of-competition basis?

Parents with many children should take care of the education of their children in advance, long before entering the university. This will allow you not to be afraid that the child will not be able to enter without benefits. At the same time, it should be remembered that with good academic performance and participation in competitions, enrollment will be carried out without selection. These preferences can be used by:

Winners and prize-winners of the last stage of the Olympiad for schoolchildren.
Prize-winners and winners of the Olympic Games.
Medalists of the European and World Championships.

Parents should support the participation of the child in various competitions and olympiads. Having shown good results, he will not go unnoticed and will be able to enter any university in the country without competition. Perhaps this will require attending paid courses, tutors. However, such investments will pay off after graduation.

If the child does not belong to the categories enrolled in the university on a preferential basis, do not worry. He could do well on his own. This will require good knowledge and preparation. In case of uncertainty about the success of independent admission, it is worth giving preference to less popular universities with a small number of applicants for one place.

Most universities in the country do not provide benefits for children from large families upon admission. Therefore, when applying to an educational institution, you must bring with you a standard list of documents:

School certificate.
The passport.
4 photographs, size 3x4.
Medical certificate 086-U.
Certificate of external independent evaluation.

The applicant must provide both originals and copies of documents. If there are awards received for participation in olympiads or competitions, they can also be provided. Here we are not talking about victories in intra-school or city competitions. For admission, only all-Russian competitions and olympiads are important.